Universal Design – Creating Inclusive Environments

Foreword xi
<p>Preface xiii</p>
<p>Acknowledgements xvii</p>
<p>CHAPTER 1: Barriers and their Social Meaning&nbsp;&nbsp;1</p>
<p>Design as Evolution 1</p>
<p>Barriers as a Universal Experience 3</p>
<p>Barriers in Intellectual Life 4</p>
<p>Social Functions of Space 8</p>
<p>Socio–spatial Order 12</p>
<p>Origins of Universal Design 15</p>
<p>Summary 24</p>
<p>Review Topics 24</p>
<p>References 24</p>
<p>CHAPTER 2: Defining Universal Design&nbsp;&nbsp;27</p>
<p>Introduction 27</p>
<p>Emergence of Universal Design 27</p>
<p>Definition 28</p>
<p>Origins 30</p>
<p>Modernism and the Modernist Style 31</p>
<p>Critiques of Modernist Style 33</p>
<p>Return to Human–Centered Design 34</p>
<p>Summary 42</p>
<p>Review Topics 42</p>
<p>References 42</p>
<p>CHAPTER 3: The New Demographics&nbsp;&nbsp;45</p>
<p>Demography for Universal Design 45</p>
<p>Uses of Demography in Design 48</p>
<p>Benefi ciaries of Universal Design 49</p>
<p>Demography: Points to Remember 60</p>
<p>Summary 62</p>
<p>Review Topics 63</p>
<p>References 63</p>
<p>CHAPTER 4: Practicing Universal Design&nbsp;&nbsp;67</p>
<p>Introduction 67</p>
<p>Universal Design as Innovation 67</p>
<p>Tools for Increasing Adoption 70</p>
<p>Introducing Universal Design to Practice 82</p>
<p>Improving Practice 86</p>
<p>Summary 91</p>
<p>Review Topics 91</p>
<p>References 92</p>
<p>CHAPTER 5: Design for Human Performance&nbsp;&nbsp;95</p>
<p>Introduction 95</p>
<p>Anthropometry 96</p>
<p>Biomechanics 103</p>
<p>Perception 108</p>
<p>Cognition 119</p>
<p>Summary 129</p>
<p>Review Topics 132</p>
<p>References 132</p>
<p>CHAPTER 6: Design For Health and Wellness 137</p>
<p>Introduction 137</p>
<p>What are Health and Wellness? 139</p>
<p>Injury Protection 140</p>
<p>Disease Prevention 142</p>
<p>Low–Resource Settings 147</p>
<p>Mental Health 149</p>
<p>Health Impact Assessments 152</p>
<p>Designing for Health and Wellness Guidelines 152</p>
<p>Summary 153</p>
<p>Review Topics 153</p>
<p>References 153</p>
<p>CHAPTER 7: Design for Social Participation 159</p>
<p>Introduction 159</p>
<p>Social Construction Theory 160</p>
<p>Interpersonal Interaction 163</p>
<p>Access to Resources 167</p>
<p>Segregation and Clustering 172</p>
<p>Design Participation 177</p>
<p>Summary 181</p>
<p>Review Topics 185</p>
<p>References 185</p>
<p>CHAPTER 8: Public Accommodations 187</p>
<p>Introduction 187</p>
<p>The Purpose of Accessible Design 188</p>
<p>Universal Design Strategies 197</p>
<p>The Future 213</p>
<p>Summary 214</p>
<p>Review Topics 220</p>
<p>References 220</p>
<p>CHAPTER 9: Housing 223</p>
<p>Evolution of Accessible Housing Policy 223</p>
<p>Community–Based Rehabilitation and Special–Purpose Housing 236</p>
<p>Neighborhood Context 238</p>
<p>Summary 242</p>
<p>Review Topics</p>
<p>243</p>
<p>References 244</p>
<p>CHAPTER 10: Home Modifications 245<br /> Danise Levine</p>
<p>Introduction 245</p>
<p>Target Populations 246</p>
<p>Purpose of Home Modifications 248</p>
<p>Common Needs and Solutions 253</p>
<p>Home Assessments 261</p>
<p>Barriers to Service Delivery 263</p>
<p>Policy 265</p>
<p>Knowledge Needs 268</p>
<p>Summary 269</p>
<p>Review Topics 270</p>
<p>References 271</p>
<p>CHAPTER 11: Universal Design and the Interior Environment 275</p>
<p>Mary Jane Carroll</p>
<p>Introduction 275</p>
<p>Wayfinding 276</p>
<p>Acoustics 279</p>
<p>Lighting 282</p>
<p>Color 287</p>
<p>Furnishings 292</p>
<p>Floor Coverings 299</p>
<p>Summary 302</p>
<p>Review Topics 304</p>
<p>References 304</p>
<p>CHAPTER 12: Product Design 307</p>
<p>Heamchand Subryan</p>
<p>Introduction 307</p>
<p>Assistive Technology 310</p>
<p>Knowledge Translation Problem 312</p>
<p>Changing Marketplace 316</p>
<p>Smarter Products 321</p>
<p>Case Studies 327</p>
<p>Summary 334</p>
<p>Review Topics 335</p>
<p>References 335</p>
<p>CHAPTER 13: Public Transportation and Universal Design 339</p>
<p>Introduction 339</p>
<p>Background 339</p>
<p>Access to Public Transportation 340</p>
<p>Components of Public Transportation Systems 342</p>
<p>Progress around the World 362</p>
<p>Summary 363</p>
<p>Review Topics 364</p>
<p>References 365</p>
<p>INDEX 369</p>